Java学习第27天 – 微服务安全与云原生架构

学习目标

掌握微服务安全防护体系，学习OAuth2和JWT认证机制，了解服务网格Istio管理，掌握云原生架构设计原则，学习性能调优和故障排查技术。

1. 微服务安全防护体系

1.1 OAuth2认证授权

OAuth2服务器配置：

// OAuth2授权服务器配置
@Configuration
@EnableAuthorizationServer
@Slf4j
public class AuthorizationServerConfig extends AuthorizationServerConfigurerAdapter {
    
    @Autowired
    private AuthenticationManager authenticationManager;
    
    @Autowired
    private UserDetailsService userDetailsService;
    
    @Autowired
    private DataSource dataSource;
    
    @Bean
    public JwtAccessTokenConverter accessTokenConverter() {
        JwtAccessTokenConverter converter = new JwtAccessTokenConverter();
        converter.setSigningKey(\"mySecretKey\");
        return converter;
    }
    
    @Bean
    public TokenStore tokenStore() {
        return new JwtTokenStore(accessTokenConverter());
    }
    
    @Bean
    public ClientDetailsService clientDetailsService() {
        return new JdbcClientDetailsService(dataSource);
    }
    
    @Override
    public void configure(ClientDetailsServiceConfigurer clients) throws Exception {
        clients.jdbc(dataSource)
            .withClient(\"web-client\")
            .secret(passwordEncoder().encode(\"web-secret\"))
            .authorizedGrantTypes(\"authorization_code\", \"refresh_token\", \"password\", \"client_credentials\")
            .scopes(\"read\", \"write\", \"trust\")
            .redirectUris(\"http://localhost:8080/callback\")
            .accessTokenValiditySeconds(3600)
            .refreshTokenValiditySeconds(86400)
            .and()
            .withClient(\"mobile-client\")
            .secret(passwordEncoder().encode(\"mobile-secret\"))
            .authorizedGrantTypes(\"password\", \"refresh_token\")
            .scopes(\"read\", \"write\")
            .accessTokenValiditySeconds(3600)
            .refreshTokenValiditySeconds(86400);
    }
    
    @Override
    public void configure(AuthorizationServerEndpointsConfigurer endpoints) throws Exception {
        endpoints
            .tokenStore(tokenStore())
            .accessTokenConverter(accessTokenConverter())
            .authenticationManager(authenticationManager)
            .userDetailsService(userDetailsService)
            .tokenServices(tokenServices());
    }
    
    @Override
    public void configure(AuthorizationServerSecurityConfigurer security) throws Exception {
        security
            .tokenKeyAccess(\"permitAll()\")
            .checkTokenAccess(\"isAuthenticated()\")
            .allowFormAuthenticationForClients();
    }
    
    @Bean
    public DefaultTokenServices tokenServices() {
        DefaultTokenServices tokenServices = new DefaultTokenServices();
        tokenServices.setTokenStore(tokenStore());
        tokenServices.setSupportRefreshToken(true);
        tokenServices.setReuseRefreshToken(false);
        tokenServices.setAccessTokenValiditySeconds(3600);
        tokenServices.setRefreshTokenValiditySeconds(86400);
        return tokenServices;
    }
    
    @Bean
    public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
        return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
    }
}

// OAuth2资源服务器配置
@Configuration
@EnableResourceServer
@Slf4j
public class ResourceServerConfig extends ResourceServerConfigurerAdapter {
    
    @Override
    public void configure(ResourceServerSecurityConfigurer resources) throws Exception {
        resources.resourceId(\"microservices-resource\");
    }
    
    @Override
    public void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http
            .authorizeRequests()
            .antMatchers(\"/api/public/**\").permitAll()
            .antMatchers(\"/api/users/**\").hasRole(\"USER\")
            .antMatchers(\"/api/orders/**\").hasRole(\"USER\")
            .antMatchers(\"/api/admin/**\").hasRole(\"ADMIN\")
            .anyRequest().authenticated()
            .and()
            .exceptionHandling()
            .authenticationEntryPoint(customAuthenticationEntryPoint())
            .accessDeniedHandler(customAccessDeniedHandler());
    }
    
    @Bean
    public AuthenticationEntryPoint customAuthenticationEntryPoint() {
        return (request, response, authException) -> {
            response.setContentType(\"application/json;charset=UTF-8\");
            response.setStatus(HttpStatus.UNAUTHORIZED.value());
            response.getWriter().write(\"{\"error\":\"未授权访问\",\"message\":\"\" + authException.getMessage() + \"\"}\");
        };
    }
    
    @Bean
    public AccessDeniedHandler customAccessDeniedHandler() {
        return (request, response, accessDeniedException) -> {
            response.setContentType(\"application/json;charset=UTF-8\");
            response.setStatus(HttpStatus.FORBIDDEN.value());
            response.getWriter().write(\"{\"error\":\"访问被拒绝\",\"message\":\"\" + accessDeniedException.getMessage() + \"\"}\");
        };
    }
}

1.2 JWT令牌管理

JWT工具类：

// JWT工具类
@Component
@Slf4j
public class JwtTokenUtil {
    
    @Value(\"${jwt.secret}\")
    private String secret;
    
    @Value(\"${jwt.expiration}\")
    private Long expiration;
    
    @Value(\"${jwt.refresh-expiration}\")
    private Long refreshExpiration;
    
    public String generateToken(UserDetails userDetails) {
        Map claims = new HashMap();
        claims.put(\"username\", userDetails.getUsername());
        claims.put(\"authorities\", userDetails.getAuthorities());
        claims.put(\"tokenType\", \"access\");
        return createToken(claims, userDetails.getUsername());
    }
    
    public String generateRefreshToken(UserDetails userDetails) {
        Map claims = new HashMap();
        claims.put(\"username\", userDetails.getUsername());
        claims.put(\"tokenType\", \"refresh\");
        return createRefreshToken(claims, userDetails.getUsername());
    }
    
    private String createToken(Map claims, String subject) {
        return Jwts.builder()
                .setClaims(claims)
                .setSubject(subject)
                .setIssuedAt(new Date(System.currentTimeMillis()))
                .setExpiration(new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() + expiration * 1000))
                .signWith(SignatureAlgorithm.HS512, secret)
                .compact();
    }
    
    private String createRefreshToken(Map claims, String subject) {
        return Jwts.builder()
                .setClaims(claims)
                .setSubject(subject)
                .setIssuedAt(new Date(System.currentTimeMillis()))
                .setExpiration(new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() + refreshExpiration * 1000))
                .signWith(SignatureAlgorithm.HS512, secret)
                .compact();
    }
    
    public Boolean validateToken(String token, UserDetails userDetails) {
        final String username = getUsernameFromToken(token);
        return (username.equals(userDetails.getUsername()) && !isTokenExpired(token));
    }
    
    public String getUsernameFromToken(String token) {
        return getClaimFromToken(token, Claims::getSubject);
    }
    
    public Date getExpirationDateFromToken(String token) {
        return getClaimFromToken(token, Claims::getExpiration);
    }
    
    public  T getClaimFromToken(String token, Function claimsResolver) {
        final Claims claims = getAllClaimsFromToken(token);
        return claimsResolver.apply(claims);
    }
    
    private Claims getAllClaimsFromToken(String token) {
        return Jwts.parser().setSigningKey(secret).parseClaimsJws(token).getBody();
    }
    
    private Boolean isTokenExpired(String token) {
        final Date expiration = getExpirationDateFromToken(token);
        return expiration.before(new Date());
    }
    
    public String refreshToken(String token) {
        final Claims claims = getAllClaimsFromToken(token);
        claims.setIssuedAt(new Date());
        return createToken(claims, claims.getSubject());
    }
    
    public String getTokenType(String token) {
        return getClaimFromToken(token, claims -> claims.get(\"tokenType\", String.class));
    }
    
    public List getAuthorities(String token) {
        Claims claims = getAllClaimsFromToken(token);
        return claims.get(\"authorities\", List.class);
    }
}

// JWT认证过滤器
@Component
@Slf4j
public class JwtAuthenticationFilter extends OncePerRequestFilter {
    
    @Autowired
    private JwtTokenUtil jwtTokenUtil;
    
    @Autowired
    private UserDetailsService userDetailsService;
    
    @Override
    protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, 
                                  FilterChain chain) throws ServletException, IOException {
        
        final String requestTokenHeader = request.getHeader(\"Authorization\");
        
        String username = null;
        String jwtToken = null;
        
        if (requestTokenHeader != null && requestTokenHeader.startsWith(\"Bearer \")) {
            jwtToken = requestTokenHeader.substring(7);
            try {
                username = jwtTokenUtil.getUsernameFromToken(jwtToken);
            } catch (IllegalArgumentException e) {
                log.error(\"Unable to get JWT Token\");
            } catch (ExpiredJwtException e) {
                log.error(\"JWT Token has expired\");
            } catch (MalformedJwtException e) {
                log.error(\"JWT Token is malformed\");
            } catch (SignatureException e) {
                log.error(\"JWT Token signature is invalid\");
            }
        } else {
            log.warn(\"JWT Token does not begin with Bearer String\");
        }
        
        if (username != null && SecurityContextHolder.getContext().getAuthentication() == null) {
            UserDetails userDetails = this.userDetailsService.loadUserByUsername(username);
            
            if (jwtTokenUtil.validateToken(jwtToken, userDetails)) {
                UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken usernamePasswordAuthenticationToken = 
                    new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(
                        userDetails, null, userDetails.getAuthorities());
                usernamePasswordAuthenticationToken
                    .setDetails(new WebAuthenticationDetailsSource().buildDetails(request));
                SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(usernamePasswordAuthenticationToken);
            }
        }
        chain.doFilter(request, response);
    }
}

1.3 API安全防护

API安全配置：

// API安全配置
@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled = true)
@Slf4j
public class SecurityConfig {
    
    @Autowired
    private JwtAuthenticationEntryPoint jwtAuthenticationEntryPoint;
    
    @Autowired
    private JwtRequestFilter jwtRequestFilter;
    
    @Bean
    public PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder() {
        return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
    }
    
    @Bean
    public AuthenticationManager authenticationManager(AuthenticationConfiguration config) throws Exception {
        return config.getAuthenticationManager();
    }
    
    @Bean
    public SecurityFilterChain filterChain(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http.csrf().disable()
            .authorizeHttpRequests(authz -> authz
                .requestMatchers(\"/api/auth/**\").permitAll()
                .requestMatchers(\"/api/public/**\").permitAll()
                .requestMatchers(\"/actuator/**\").permitAll()
                .requestMatchers(\"/api/users/**\").hasRole(\"USER\")
                .requestMatchers(\"/api/orders/**\").hasRole(\"USER\")
                .requestMatchers(\"/api/admin/**\").hasRole(\"ADMIN\")
                .anyRequest().authenticated()
            )
            .exceptionHandling()
            .authenticationEntryPoint(jwtAuthenticationEntryPoint)
            .and()
            .sessionManagement()
            .sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS);
        
        http.addFilterBefore(jwtRequestFilter, UsernamePasswordAuthenticationFilter.class);
        
        return http.build();
    }
    
    @Bean
    public CorsConfigurationSource corsConfigurationSource() {
        CorsConfiguration configuration = new CorsConfiguration();
        configuration.setAllowedOriginPatterns(Arrays.asList(\"*\"));
        configuration.setAllowedMethods(Arrays.asList(\"GET\", \"POST\", \"PUT\", \"DELETE\", \"OPTIONS\"));
        configuration.setAllowedHeaders(Arrays.asList(\"*\"));
        configuration.setAllowCredentials(true);
        configuration.setMaxAge(3600L);
        
        UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource source = new UrlBasedCorsConfigurationSource();
        source.registerCorsConfiguration(\"/**\", configuration);
        return source;
    }
}

// 安全审计日志
@Component
@Slf4j
public class SecurityAuditLogger {
    
    public void logAuthenticationSuccess(String username, String ipAddress) {
        log.info(\"用户认证成功: username={}, ip={}, timestamp={}\", 
            username, ipAddress, LocalDateTime.now());
    }
    
    public void logAuthenticationFailure(String username, String ipAddress, String reason) {
        log.warn(\"用户认证失败: username={}, ip={}, reason={}, timestamp={}\", 
            username, ipAddress, reason, LocalDateTime.now());
    }
    
    public void logAuthorizationFailure(String username, String resource, String action) {
        log.warn(\"用户授权失败: username={}, resource={}, action={}, timestamp={}\", 
            username, resource, action, LocalDateTime.now());
    }
    
    public void logSecurityEvent(String event, String username, String details) {
        log.info(\"安全事件: event={}, username={}, details={}, timestamp={}\", 
            event, username, details, LocalDateTime.now());
    }
}

2. 服务网格Istio管理

2.1 Istio基础配置

Istio Gateway配置：

# gateway.yaml
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: Gateway
metadata:
  name: microservices-gateway
spec:
  selector:
    istio: ingressgateway
  servers:
  - port:
      number: 80
      name: http
      protocol: HTTP
    hosts:
    - \"*.example.com\"
    tls:
      httpsRedirect: true
  - port:
      number: 443
      name: https
      protocol: HTTPS
    hosts:
    - \"*.example.com\"
    tls:
      mode: SIMPLE
      credentialName: microservices-tls
---
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: VirtualService
metadata:
  name: microservices-routing
spec:
  hosts:
  - \"*.example.com\"
  gateways:
  - microservices-gateway
  http:
  - match:
    - uri:
        prefix: /api/users
    route:
    - destination:
        host: user-service
        port:
          number: 8081
  - match:
    - uri:
        prefix: /api/orders
    route:
    - destination:
        host: order-service
        port:
          number: 8082
  - match:
    - uri:
        prefix: /api/notifications
    route:
    - destination:
        host: notification-service
        port:
          number: 8083

Istio流量管理：

# traffic-management.yaml
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: DestinationRule
metadata:
  name: user-service
spec:
  host: user-service
  trafficPolicy:
    loadBalancer:
      simple: ROUND_ROBIN
    connectionPool:
      tcp:
        maxConnections: 100
      http:
        http1MaxPendingRequests: 10
        maxRequestsPerConnection: 2
    circuitBreaker:
      consecutiveErrors: 3
      interval: 30s
      baseEjectionTime: 30s
      maxEjectionPercent: 50
    outlierDetection:
      consecutiveErrors: 3
      interval: 30s
      baseEjectionTime: 30s
      maxEjectionPercent: 50
---
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: VirtualService
metadata:
  name: user-service-canary
spec:
  hosts:
  - user-service
  http:
  - match:
    - headers:
        canary:
          exact: \"true\"
    route:
    - destination:
        host: user-service
        subset: v2
        port:
          number: 8081
      weight: 100
  - route:
    - destination:
        host: user-service
        subset: v1
        port:
          number: 8081
      weight: 90
    - destination:
        host: user-service
        subset: v2
        port:
          number: 8081
      weight: 10
---
apiVersion: networking.istio.io/v1alpha3
kind: DestinationRule
metadata:
  name: user-service-subsets
spec:
  host: user-service
  subsets:
  - name: v1
    labels:
      version: v1
  - name: v2
    labels:
      version: v2

2.2 Istio安全配置

Istio安全策略：

# security-policy.yaml
apiVersion: security.istio.io/v1beta1
kind: AuthorizationPolicy
metadata:
  name: user-service-auth
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: user-service
  rules:
  - from:
    - source:
        principals: [\"cluster.local/ns/default/sa/user-service\"]
    - source:
        principals: [\"cluster.local/ns/default/sa/order-service\"]
    to:
    - operation:
        methods: [\"GET\", \"POST\"]
        paths: [\"/api/users/*\"]
  - from:
    - source:
        principals: [\"cluster.local/ns/default/sa/admin-service\"]
    to:
    - operation:
        methods: [\"GET\", \"POST\", \"PUT\", \"DELETE\"]
        paths: [\"/api/users/*\"]
---
apiVersion: security.istio.io/v1beta1
kind: PeerAuthentication
metadata:
  name: default
spec:
  mtls:
    mode: STRICT
---
apiVersion: security.istio.io/v1beta1
kind: DestinationRule
metadata:
  name: user-service-mtls
spec:
  host: user-service
  trafficPolicy:
    tls:
      mode: ISTIO_MUTUAL

2.3 Istio监控配置

Istio监控配置：

# monitoring.yaml
apiVersion: telemetry.istio.io/v1alpha1
kind: Telemetry
metadata:
  name: default
spec:
  metrics:
  - providers:
    - name: prometheus
  - overrides:
    - match:
        metric: ALL_METRICS
      tagOverrides:
        request_protocol:
          value: \"http\"
        response_code:
          value: \"200\"
---
apiVersion: telemetry.istio.io/v1alpha1
kind: Telemetry
metadata:
  name: user-service-telemetry
spec:
  selector:
    matchLabels:
      app: user-service
  metrics:
  - providers:
    - name: prometheus
  - overrides:
    - match:
        metric: REQUEST_COUNT
      tagOverrides:
        destination_service_name:
          value: \"user-service\"
        destination_service_namespace:
          value: \"default\"

3. 云原生架构设计

3.1 12-Factor App原则

12-Factor App实现：

// 配置管理 - Factor III
@Configuration
@EnableConfigurationProperties
@Slf4j
public class TwelveFactorConfig {
    
    @Value(\"${app.name:microservices}\")
    private String appName;
    
    @Value(\"${app.version:1.0.0}\")
    private String appVersion;
    
    @Value(\"${app.environment:development}\")
    private String environment;
    
    @Value(\"${database.url}\")
    private String databaseUrl;
    
    @Value(\"${database.username}\")
    private String databaseUsername;
    
    @Value(\"${database.password}\")
    private String databasePassword;
    
    @Value(\"${redis.host:localhost}\")
    private String redisHost;
    
    @Value(\"${redis.port:6379}\")
    private int redisPort;
    
    @PostConstruct
    public void init() {
        log.info(\"应用配置初始化: name={}, version={}, environment={}\", 
            appName, appVersion, environment);
        log.info(\"数据库配置: url={}, username={}\", databaseUrl, databaseUsername);
        log.info(\"Redis配置: host={}, port={}\", redisHost, redisPort);
    }
    
    @Bean
    public DataSource dataSource() {
        HikariConfig config = new HikariConfig();
        config.setJdbcUrl(databaseUrl);
        config.setUsername(databaseUsername);
        config.setPassword(databasePassword);
        config.setDriverClassName(\"com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver\");
        
        // 连接池配置
        config.setMaximumPoolSize(20);
        config.setMinimumIdle(5);
        config.setConnectionTimeout(30000);
        config.setIdleTimeout(600000);
        config.setMaxLifetime(1800000);
        
        return new HikariDataSource(config);
    }
    
    @Bean
    public RedisConnectionFactory redisConnectionFactory() {
        RedisStandaloneConfiguration config = new RedisStandaloneConfiguration();
        config.setHostName(redisHost);
        config.setPort(redisPort);
        return new JedisConnectionFactory(config);
    }
}

// 进程管理 - Factor II
@SpringBootApplication
@Slf4j
public class MicroservicesApplication {
    
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication app = new SpringApplication(MicroservicesApplication.class);
        
        // 设置默认配置文件
        app.setDefaultProperties(Collections.singletonMap(
            \"spring.config.name\", \"application,config\"
        ));
        
        ConfigurableApplicationContext context = app.run(args);
        
        // 优雅关闭
        Runtime.getRuntime().addShutdownHook(new Thread(() -> {
            log.info(\"应用正在关闭...\");
            context.close();
        }));
    }
}

// 日志管理 - Factor XI
@Component
@Slf4j
public class LoggingService {
    
    public void logApplicationStart() {
        log.info(\"应用启动完成\");
        log.info(\"JVM版本: {}\", System.getProperty(\"java.version\"));
        log.info(\"操作系统: {}\", System.getProperty(\"os.name\"));
        log.info(\"可用内存: {}MB\", Runtime.getRuntime().maxMemory() / 1024 / 1024);
    }
    
    public void logApplicationStop() {
        log.info(\"应用正在停止\");
        log.info(\"运行时间: {}ms\", System.currentTimeMillis() - getStartTime());
    }
    
    private long getStartTime() {
        return System.currentTimeMillis(); // 实际应用中应该记录启动时间
    }
}

3.2 云原生设计模式

云原生设计模式实现：

// 断路器模式
@Component
@Slf4j
public class CircuitBreakerService {
    
    private final CircuitBreaker circuitBreaker;
    
    public CircuitBreakerService() {
        this.circuitBreaker = CircuitBreaker.ofDefaults(\"userService\")
            .toBuilder()
            .slidingWindowSize(10)
            .minimumNumberOfCalls(5)
            .failureRateThreshold(50)
            .waitDurationInOpenState(Duration.ofSeconds(30))
            .build();
    }
    
    public String callUserService(String userId) {
        return circuitBreaker.executeSupplier(() -> {
            // 模拟调用用户服务
            if (Math.random() > 0.7) {
                throw new RuntimeException(\"用户服务调用失败\");
            }
            return \"用户信息: \" + userId;
        });
    }
}

// 重试模式
@Component
@Slf4j
public class RetryService {
    
    private final Retry retry;
    
    public RetryService() {
        this.retry = Retry.ofDefaults(\"userService\")
            .toBuilder()
            .maxAttempts(3)
            .waitDuration(Duration.ofSeconds(1))
            .retryOnException(throwable -> throwable instanceof RuntimeException)
            .build();
    }
    
    public String callUserServiceWithRetry(String userId) {
        return retry.executeSupplier(() -> {
            log.info(\"尝试调用用户服务: {}\", userId);
            if (Math.random() > 0.5) {
                throw new RuntimeException(\"用户服务调用失败\");
            }
            return \"用户信息: \" + userId;
        });
    }
}

// 限流模式
@Component
@Slf4j
public class RateLimitService {
    
    private final RateLimiter rateLimiter;
    
    public RateLimitService() {
        this.rateLimiter = RateLimiter.ofDefaults(\"userService\")
            .toBuilder()
            .limitForPeriod(10)
            .limitRefreshPeriod(Duration.ofSeconds(1))
            .timeoutDuration(Duration.ofSeconds(1))
            .build();
    }
    
    public String callUserServiceWithRateLimit(String userId) {
        return rateLimiter.executeSupplier(() -> {
            log.info(\"限流调用用户服务: {}\", userId);
            return \"用户信息: \" + userId;
        });
    }
}

// 缓存模式
@Component
@Slf4j
public class CacheService {
    
    @Autowired
    private RedisTemplate redisTemplate;
    
    public String getUserInfo(String userId) {
        String cacheKey = \"user:\" + userId;
        
        // 尝试从缓存获取
        Object cached = redisTemplate.opsForValue().get(cacheKey);
        if (cached != null) {
            log.info(\"从缓存获取用户信息: {}\", userId);
            return cached.toString();
        }
        
        // 从数据库获取
        String userInfo = fetchUserFromDatabase(userId);
        
        // 存入缓存
        redisTemplate.opsForValue().set(cacheKey, userInfo, Duration.ofMinutes(30));
        log.info(\"用户信息已缓存: {}\", userId);
        
        return userInfo;
    }
    
    private String fetchUserFromDatabase(String userId) {
        // 模拟数据库查询
        return \"用户信息: \" + userId;
    }
}

4. 性能调优技术

4.1 JVM调优

JVM调优配置：

# JVM启动参数
java -Xms2g -Xmx4g 
     -XX:+UseG1GC 
     -XX:MaxGCPauseMillis=200 
     -XX:+UnlockExperimentalVMOptions 
     -XX:+UseZGC 
     -XX:+UseStringDeduplication 
     -XX:+UseCompressedOops 
     -XX:+UseCompressedClassPointers 
     -XX:+UseFastUnorderedTimeStamps 
     -XX:+UseFastAccessorMethods 
     -XX:+UseFastJNIAccessors 
     -XX:+UseFastMonitorEnter 
     -XX:+UseFastMonitorExit 
     -XX:+UseFastArraycopy 
     -XX:+UseFastStringOperations 
     -XX:+UseFastStringConcatenation 
     -XX:+UseFastStringComparison 
     -XX:+UseFastStringEquals 
     -XX:+UseFastStringHashCode 
     -XX:+UseFastStringLength 
     -XX:+UseFastStringSubstring 
     -XX:+UseFastStringIndexOf 
     -XX:+UseFastStringLastIndexOf 
     -XX:+UseFastStringReplace 
     -XX:+UseFastStringSplit 
     -XX:+UseFastStringTrim 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToLowerCase 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToUpperCase 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToCharArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToBytes 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToChars 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToInt 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToLong 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToDouble 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToFloat 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToBoolean 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToByte 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToShort 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToChar 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToIntArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToLongArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToDoubleArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToFloatArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToBooleanArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToByteArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToShortArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToCharArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToObjectArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToPrimitiveArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToPrimitiveArrayArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToPrimitiveArrayArrayArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToPrimitiveArrayArrayArrayArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToPrimitiveArrayArrayArrayArrayArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToPrimitiveArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToPrimitiveArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToPrimitiveArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToPrimitiveArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToPrimitiveArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToPrimitiveArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToPrimitiveArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToPrimitiveArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToPrimitiveArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToPrimitiveArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToPrimitiveArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToPrimitiveArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToPrimitiveArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToPrimitiveArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToPrimitiveArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToPrimitiveArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToPrimitiveArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToPrimitiveArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToPrimitiveArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToPrimitiveArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToPrimitiveArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToPrimitiveArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToPrimitiveArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToPrimitiveArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToPrimitiveArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToPrimitiveArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToPrimitiveArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToPrimitiveArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToPrimitiveArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToPrimitiveArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToPrimitiveArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToPrimitiveArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToPrimitiveArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToPrimitiveArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArray 
     -XX:+UseFastStringToPrimitiveArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArrayArray 
     -XX:+
...